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	<title>Comments on: 245B, Notes 9: The Baire category theorem and its Banach space consequences</title>
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	<link>http://terrytao.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/245b-notes-9-the-baire-category-theorem-and-its-banach-space-consequences/</link>
	<description>Updates on my research and expository papers, discussion of open problems, and other maths-related topics.  By Terence Tao</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Sat, 25 May 2013 23:20:31 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>By: The closed graph theorem in various categories &#171; What&#8217;s new</title>
		<link>http://terrytao.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/245b-notes-9-the-baire-category-theorem-and-its-banach-space-consequences/#comment-194633</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[The closed graph theorem in various categories &#171; What&#8217;s new]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Nov 2012 02:30:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://terrytao.wordpress.com/?p=1603#comment-194633</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] qualitative and quantitative notions of regularity preservation properties of an operator ; see this blog post for further [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] qualitative and quantitative notions of regularity preservation properties of an operator ; see this blog post for further [...]</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Rex</title>
		<link>http://terrytao.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/245b-notes-9-the-baire-category-theorem-and-its-banach-space-consequences/#comment-130280</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Rex]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 25 Feb 2012 23:22:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://terrytao.wordpress.com/?p=1603#comment-130280</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[As a pedagogical question, how many in-class lectures does it usually require for you to cover the content of one of your blog posts such as this one? Surely it is not possible to pack such an immense amount of material into a single 90-minute lecture.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As a pedagogical question, how many in-class lectures does it usually require for you to cover the content of one of your blog posts such as this one? Surely it is not possible to pack such an immense amount of material into a single 90-minute lecture.</p>
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		<title>By: An elementry proof of Schur&#8217;s Theorem &#171; regularize</title>
		<link>http://terrytao.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/245b-notes-9-the-baire-category-theorem-and-its-banach-space-consequences/#comment-90262</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[An elementry proof of Schur&#8217;s Theorem &#171; regularize]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 07 Oct 2011 08:27:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://terrytao.wordpress.com/?p=1603#comment-90262</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] this alternative proof with Exercise 11 (right after Theorem 5 [Nikodym convergence theorem]) in this blog post by Terry where one shall take a similar path to proof Schur&#8217;s [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] this alternative proof with Exercise 11 (right after Theorem 5 [Nikodym convergence theorem]) in this blog post by Terry where one shall take a similar path to proof Schur&#8217;s [...]</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Dirk</title>
		<link>http://terrytao.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/245b-notes-9-the-baire-category-theorem-and-its-banach-space-consequences/#comment-90256</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Dirk]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 07 Oct 2011 07:41:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://terrytao.wordpress.com/?p=1603#comment-90256</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In the proof of the Nikodym convergence theorem the notation changes from $latex \sigma_n$ to $latex \mu_n$. Unfortunately this typo is also present in the book where I noticed it...

&lt;i&gt;[Corrected, thanks - T.]&lt;/i&gt;]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In the proof of the Nikodym convergence theorem the notation changes from <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Csigma_n&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=545454&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;sigma_n' title='&#92;sigma_n' class='latex' /> to <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cmu_n&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=545454&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;mu_n' title='&#92;mu_n' class='latex' />. Unfortunately this typo is also present in the book where I noticed it&#8230;</p>
<p><i>[Corrected, thanks - T.]</i></p>
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		<title>By: 254A, Notes 2: Building Lie structure from representations and metrics &#171; What&#8217;s new</title>
		<link>http://terrytao.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/245b-notes-9-the-baire-category-theorem-and-its-banach-space-consequences/#comment-75272</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[254A, Notes 2: Building Lie structure from representations and metrics &#171; What&#8217;s new]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Sep 2011 22:10:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://terrytao.wordpress.com/?p=1603#comment-75272</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[[...] (Hint: mimic the proof of the open mapping theorem for Banach spaces, as discussed for instance in these notes. In particular, take advantage of the Baire category [...]]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] (Hint: mimic the proof of the open mapping theorem for Banach spaces, as discussed for instance in these notes. In particular, take advantage of the Baire category [...]</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Jack</title>
		<link>http://terrytao.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/245b-notes-9-the-baire-category-theorem-and-its-banach-space-consequences/#comment-69157</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Jack]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 21 Aug 2011 04:27:37 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Hmm, the complement of a nowhere dense set is an everywhere dense set. But the complement of everywhere dense set is not necessarily nowhere dense set, right? So the relationship is not the exact the same as that of closed and open sets.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hmm, the complement of a nowhere dense set is an everywhere dense set. But the complement of everywhere dense set is not necessarily nowhere dense set, right? So the relationship is not the exact the same as that of closed and open sets.</p>
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		<title>By: Terence Tao</title>
		<link>http://terrytao.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/245b-notes-9-the-baire-category-theorem-and-its-banach-space-consequences/#comment-69045</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Terence Tao]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 20 Aug 2011 17:00:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://terrytao.wordpress.com/?p=1603#comment-69045</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A closed ball in a complete metric space is still complete.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A closed ball in a complete metric space is still complete.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Jack</title>
		<link>http://terrytao.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/245b-notes-9-the-baire-category-theorem-and-its-banach-space-consequences/#comment-69043</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Jack]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 20 Aug 2011 16:30:49 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Hmm. In your notes, you use that proposition to prove that a countable number of nowhere dense sets cannot cover a complete metric space. But in Exercise 1, one needs to show that &quot;a countable number of nowhere dense sets cannot cover a ball&quot;, which seems a stronger conclusion. I am wondering if one needs some special technique here.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hmm. In your notes, you use that proposition to prove that a countable number of nowhere dense sets cannot cover a complete metric space. But in Exercise 1, one needs to show that &#8220;a countable number of nowhere dense sets cannot cover a ball&#8221;, which seems a stronger conclusion. I am wondering if one needs some special technique here.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Terence Tao</title>
		<link>http://terrytao.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/245b-notes-9-the-baire-category-theorem-and-its-banach-space-consequences/#comment-68665</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Terence Tao]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 19 Aug 2011 16:07:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://terrytao.wordpress.com/?p=1603#comment-68665</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Yes, one can use that proposition to establish Exercise 1.

I think you may be conflating two different notions of &quot;opposite&quot;, namely &quot;&lt;a HREF=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_negation&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;logical negation&lt;/a&gt;&quot; and &quot;&lt;a HREF=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_complement&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;set complement&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.  The negation of &quot;E is nowhere dense&quot; is &quot;E is somewhere dense&quot;.  But the complement of a nowhere dense set is an everywhere dense set.  This is similar to how the complement of a closed set is an open set, but how the negation of &quot;E is closed&quot; is _not_ &quot;E is open&quot;  (since there exist sets that are neither open nor closed, and there also exist sets that are both open and closed).]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Yes, one can use that proposition to establish Exercise 1.</p>
<p>I think you may be conflating two different notions of &#8220;opposite&#8221;, namely &#8220;<a HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_negation" rel="nofollow">logical negation</a>&#8221; and &#8220;<a HREF="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_complement" rel="nofollow">set complement</a>&#8220;.  The negation of &#8220;E is nowhere dense&#8221; is &#8220;E is somewhere dense&#8221;.  But the complement of a nowhere dense set is an everywhere dense set.  This is similar to how the complement of a closed set is an open set, but how the negation of &#8220;E is closed&#8221; is _not_ &#8220;E is open&#8221;  (since there exist sets that are neither open nor closed, and there also exist sets that are both open and closed).</p>
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		<title>By: Jack</title>
		<link>http://terrytao.wordpress.com/2009/02/01/245b-notes-9-the-baire-category-theorem-and-its-banach-space-consequences/#comment-68657</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Jack]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 19 Aug 2011 15:11:40 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Prof. Tao,

For exercise 1, do we have to use the proposition that a set $latex E$ is nowhere dense if and only if $latex \overline{E}^c$ is open and dense? This is what I learned from your topology 121 notes(http://www.math.ucla.edu/~tao/resource/general/121.1.00s/compact.pdf). 

It seems that De Morgan will not help anything here. 

Besides, it&#039;s a little surprising that the opposite of &quot;nowhere dense&quot; is &quot;dense&quot; but not &quot;somewhere dense&quot; according to your lecture notes.]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Prof. Tao,</p>
<p>For exercise 1, do we have to use the proposition that a set <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=E&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=545454&amp;s=0' alt='E' title='E' class='latex' /> is nowhere dense if and only if <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Coverline%7BE%7D%5Ec&amp;bg=ffffff&amp;fg=545454&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;overline{E}^c' title='&#92;overline{E}^c' class='latex' /> is open and dense? This is what I learned from your topology 121 notes(<a href="http://www.math.ucla.edu/~tao/resource/general/121.1.00s/compact.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.math.ucla.edu/~tao/resource/general/121.1.00s/compact.pdf</a>). </p>
<p>It seems that De Morgan will not help anything here. </p>
<p>Besides, it&#8217;s a little surprising that the opposite of &#8220;nowhere dense&#8221; is &#8220;dense&#8221; but not &#8220;somewhere dense&#8221; according to your lecture notes.</p>
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